Astronomers figured out why galaxies have different form

Date:

2017-09-13 17:45:07

Views:

3209

Rating:

1Like 0Dislike

Share:

Astronomers figured out why galaxies have different form Source:

In 1926, the famous astronomer Edwin Hubble developed a morphological classification of galaxies. This method divided the galaxies into three basic groups – elliptical, spiral and lenticular. Since then, astronomers have devoted a significant amount of time and effort to find out how galaxies have been evolving for several billion years and why they acquire precisely the form that end up acquiring.

One of the most popular and widespread hypotheses on this subject is one which explains the change in the shapes of galaxies as a result of their merger, when a more compact cluster of stars held by their mutual gravity, merge together and therefore form the shape and final form of galaxies. However, according to the findings of a new study by the international group of scientists, the shape and size of the galaxies actually can influence the emergence of new stars in their Central regions.

The Study was conducted under the guidance of postdoctoral fellow Ken-Ichi an Imperial official, in cooperation with the Institute for extraterrestrial physics max Planck and the National astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ). To obtain a more complete picture of galactic metamorphosis the researchers conducted a series of observations of very distant galaxies.

Diagram of the evolution of galaxies

The Study included the use of multiple telescopes, which astronomers have observed 25 galaxies located at a distance of about 11 billion light years from Earth. At that distance scientists actually observed galaxies when they were 11 billion years ago, after about 3 billion years after the Big Bang. This time is regarded by astronomers as a period of peak activity of galaxy formation in the Universe, when it formed the majority of galaxies.

"it was thought that massive elliptical galaxies formed as a result of collisions of galactic disks. However, we do not believe that all elliptical galaxies were once affected by this intergalactic event. We believe that there are alternative" — said an Imperial official in a press release published on the website of the Japanese astronomical Observatory.

Ability to catch the faint light from these distant galaxies has proved to be a complicated task and to solve it, scientists took the use of two ground and one for space telescopes. First, search for 25 galaxies, they used the 8.2-metre Subaru telescope, located in Hawaii. Then conducted surveillance of the detected objects using the Hubble space telescope and ground-based Atkarskoy a large antenna array of millimeter range (ALMA) located in Chile.

The Hubble has allowed to capture the light of galaxies to determine their form (which they had 11 billion years ago), using ALMA, researchers conducted a study of submillimeter waves emitted by cold clouds of gas and dust where new stars are born. Comparing the results of both observations, astronomers were able to identify detailed picture of how these galaxy looked 11 billion years ago, when their form is still subjected to changes.

observation of the galaxy, located 11 billion light years from us

What the researchers found, was very revealing. Image of Hubble is pointed out that in early galaxies dominated by a disk component, and not the centre bar, which we used to associate with spiral and lenticular galaxies. At the same time, the ALMA images showed that near the center of these galaxies can contain massive reservoirs of gas and dust within which there is a very active star formation.

To exclude the possibility that such active star formation could be triggered by merging of galaxies, the researchers also used to verify the data with the Very large telescope of the European southern Observatory, located in Parnasskii Observatory in Chile.

"we have received convincing evidence that dense galactic nuclei can be formed without galactic collisions. They can be formed due to the very active star formation in the center of the galaxy", — according to an Imperial official.

The Results of this study may force astronomers to review current models and theories of galactic evolution, and some aspects like those, how galaxies appear lintel and spiral arms. The study also may lead to a revision of the cosmological models of evolution, not to mention the history of our own galaxy.

Who knows, maybe it will also force astronomers to revise predictions about what may happen when our milky Way galaxy and Andromeda will collide in a few billion years. The more and deeper scientists look into space, the more surprises he brings. And every time we note the observations do not correspond with our expectations, it makes scientists to reconsider the accepted hypothesis concerning the evolution of the Universe.

Recommended

Can genes create the perfect diet for you?

Can genes create the perfect diet for you?

Diet on genotype can be a way out for many, but it still has a lot of questions Don't know what to do to lose weight? DNA tests promise to help you with this. They will be able to develop the most individual diet, because for this they will use the m...

How many extraterrestrial civilizations can exist nearby?

How many extraterrestrial civilizations can exist nearby?

If aliens exist, why don't we "hear" them? In the 12th episode of Cosmos, which aired on December 14, 1980, co-author and host Carl Sagan introduced viewers to the same equation of astronomer Frank Drake. Using it, he calculated the potential number ...

Why does the most poisonous plant in the world cause severe pain?

Why does the most poisonous plant in the world cause severe pain?

The pain caused to humans by the Gimpi-gympie plant can drive him crazy Many people consider Australia a very dangerous place full of poisonous creatures. And this is a perfectly correct idea, because this continent literally wants to kill everyone w...

Comments (0)

This article has no comment, be the first!

Add comment

Related News

Scientists have learned to turn cells into stem cells by using antibodies

Scientists have learned to turn cells into stem cells by using antibodies

represent a generic item, from which the body builds tissue and organs. Immature stem cells are able to renew themselves, to divide and further differentiate into specialized cells. Ten years ago, scientists made a very important...

10 amazing things grown in a lab

10 amazing things grown in a lab

there is No doubt that science has made many amazing breakthroughs in the last 100 years. This is especially true for medicine and bioengineering. From life-saving vaccines to a revolutionary surgical operation, the great science ...

Five facts that we know if LIGO will detect the merger of neutron stars

Five facts that we know if LIGO will detect the merger of neutron stars

Martin Rees once said, "it Becomes clear that in a sense the cosmos provides the only laboratory in which successfully created extreme conditions for testing new ideas from particle physics. Energy the Big Bang was much higher tha...

Warm Antarctic cave hiding a secret life

Warm Antarctic cave hiding a secret life

Under the glaciers of Antarctica could be hiding a secret world of animals and plants, including unknown species, scientists say. Caves, hollowed out steaming active volcanoes, is very light and can heat up to 25 degrees Celsius, ...

NASA: the biggest threat to humanity lies beneath our feet

NASA: the biggest threat to humanity lies beneath our feet

When I think of the most terrible catastrophes of our time, first comes to mind is the fall of an asteroid or a Third world war. However, if you believe NASA, there is something much worse than some asteroid. And hiding it right u...

NASA is looking for

NASA is looking for "moon messengers"

the U.S. space Agency began searching for companies that in the near future will be able to ensure the delivery of goods to the moon — this is the website . Despite the fact that the Agency and some other companies focus on ...

Dark data: artificial intelligence learns to identify homosexuals in the photo

Dark data: artificial intelligence learns to identify homosexuals in the photo

We have become to rely on machine learning systems in everything from creating playlists to control cars, but like any tool, they can be used in a dangerous and unethical purposes, even by accident. Today's illustration of this fa...

6 of the dirtiest things you come into contact daily

6 of the dirtiest things you come into contact daily

One of the first rules taught to all children due to the fact how important it is to wash your hands. Hand washing helps prevent the spread of disease. Hands should be washed before eating, after contact with animals, after using ...

10 unexpected downsides of rapidly evolving technology

10 unexpected downsides of rapidly evolving technology

Technology is evolving very fast, and many look forward to crazy new gizmos that appear and appear. Scientists along with industry leaders want to give (well, sell) us self-driving cars, to immerse us in a virtual reality more dee...

We visited the asteroid

We visited the asteroid "Florence" is so great that it has two satellites

who Visited us last week asteroid "Florence" passed our planet at a distance of 7 million kilometers. To Land this block is not a threat, but it is the big asteroid coming so close to our planet over the last one hundred years. ...

Scientists have invented a new type of quantum computing

Scientists have invented a new type of quantum computing

Australian physicists have created a new type of qubit is the basic unit for information storage in a quantum computer. And, in their opinion, we are finally able to create a truly full-scale quantum computers. In a General sense,...

Life: a coincidence or a law of physics...?

Life: a coincidence or a law of physics...?

an understanding of the nature of life is one of the most difficult and interesting mysteries for humanity. Over time, the mystery is inevitably gone beyond the question of whether there is life only on Earth or did she have somew...

The Perlan glider set a new altitude record

The Perlan glider set a new altitude record

Funded by the aerospace company Airbus Perlan, develops gliders designed to fly to the border of space. The developers reported about the new successful trials Panerai new altitude record which the aircraft was able to install. ...

Bionic lens: implant that will return the eye and gives

Bionic lens: implant that will return the eye and gives "super powers"

a Lot of fiction paint a picture of a future where bionic body parts measure man real. Sometimes it seems that such will come to our world soon, but this is not so. So, the canadian company Ocumetics Technology Corporation is curr...

Estonia is interested in the Hyperloop

Estonia is interested in the Hyperloop

the Startup Hyperloop One continues to enter into preliminary agreements on future construction of their transportation systems in different countries. The signing of the agreement on intentions of construction of the vacuum trans...

Are you afraid of aliens? And scientists – no

Are you afraid of aliens? And scientists – no

Imagine what it would be like to meet intelligent aliens who found us and came to Earth. Just remember the movie "independence Day" and other, cheap, but exciting fighters with big-headed aliens, similar to humans. Regardless of, ...

Capsule Hyperloop from Tesla set a new record for speed

Capsule Hyperloop from Tesla set a new record for speed

the Head of Tesla's Elon Musk has proposed the idea of a vacuum transport system a few years ago. Since there are many startups working on the implementation of ideas. But the Mask remained on the sidelines, so his company also ta...

Europe is preparing to test a powerful x-ray laser

Europe is preparing to test a powerful x-ray laser

the European x-ray free electron laser (European X-Ray Free Electron Laser, XFEL) is an international project designed to monitor the course of chemical reactions, which involved 12 countries. The main contribution to the project ...

Astronomers have caught just 15 new fast radio pulses from space

Astronomers have caught just 15 new fast radio pulses from space

At the end of last week, astronomers involved in the search for possible signs of extraterrestrial life, during 5 hours identified 15 very fast radio signals coming our way from tiny galaxies 3 billion light years from us. We have...

The Chinese Corporation began to develop its own Hyperloop

The Chinese Corporation began to develop its own Hyperloop

the Chinese have decided not to lag behind colleagues from other countries and announced the construction of its own line Hyperloop. According to information obtained by reporters , the construction of a private transport system o...