Russian scientists figured out a way to improve the properties of steel in 100 times

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2019-09-07 03:40:08

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Russian scientists figured out a way to improve the properties of steel in 100 times Source:

the New technology will make the steel much stronger and more resistant to damage

Humanity a few centuries ago learned to work metals. With the discovery of ways of working with metals people have perfected blacksmithing, trying to improve the properties of metal products. In the course went all: annealing, creating alloys, special chemical and so on. But at some point, that wasn't enough. Then came to the aid of high technology. And recently a group of Russian scientists found a way to improve some of the properties of the steel in 100 times.

According to the publication Еurekalert, with the development of new techniques are scientists from Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU), and the results of the study were published in the journal Surface and Coatings Technology and presented at the conference on surface modification of materials by ion beams (SMMIB) 2019.

Why was it necessary to improve the properties of metals?

The fact that at present the main way to make steel (and other metals) useful properties like strength, wear resistance and so on is a process called «doping». Alloying — it is simply yazykom, the addition of the metals additional substances (additives) to modify the physical and chemical properties required of the material. Today, traditional methods of doping are reported to have exhausted their technological capabilities. Therefore, the metals are increasingly exposed to charged particle beams, plasma flows and the laser radiation is in order .

Ion implantation (ion doping) is one of the methods that allow you to change the elemental composition, microstructure and morphology of the surface layers that determine properties such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, strength, etc. Tomsk scientists have developed a new method of ion implantation, which dramatically expands the scope of application of the method in industry. According to the head of the laboratory of high-intensity ion implantation, Alexandra Ryabchikova, they were able to experimentally improve the wear resistance of stainless steel is more than a hundred times.

Experimental setup to increase the strength of the steel

In addition, this technology allows us to produce parts and products with the required specific surface properties. For example, the barrier layer (i.e. outer layer of the product) is formed by ion doping Zirconia with titanium, which prevents the penetration of oxygen. It can be used to increase service life and safety in the operation of, for example, nuclear power plants and the use of such metals in nuclear reactors.

Currently, industrial application of ion doping is limited by the small thickness of the formed ion-doped layers. And this is the main issue that prevents to use the new approach for the production of metals a new type. But we propose to increase the depth of penetration of the ions into the material by enhancing radiation-induced diffusion of the ion beams of high density, which is two to three order of magnitude higher than those used with traditional ion implantation, — said Alexander Ryabchikov.

Thus it will be possible, as scientists believe, to achieve better results when making high-strength and wear-resistant metals. to confirm this hypothesis. Created samples of steel have a surface layer of a depth of several hundred micrometers, while other methods allow ion doping to a depth of only a few tens of nanometers. The authors emphasize that the use of new technology will allow to produce a metal with unique properties, which will allow dozens of times to improve the quality of products.

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